Homegrown terrorism is when a person, or group, in the united states receives support solely from individuals and organizations, also in the united states, and commits attacks within the united states. Terrorism is more of socially constructed term with multiple definitions and originates from a variety of sources and directions. Qualified antiterrorism technology or qatt the term qualified antiterrorism technology or qatt means any technology including information technology designed, developed, modified, procured, or sold for the purpose of preventing, detecting, identifying, or deterring acts of terrorism or limiting the harm such acts might. There are legitimate fears about the possibility of stretching the definition to any offensive ideology or political agenda. Counterterrorism definition of counterterrorism by the free. Terrorism definition for englishlanguage learners from.
It has been used to describe crimes as well as to discredit political opponents. The main aim behind cyberterrorism is to cause harm and destruction. Definition of terrorism social and political effects. Some delegations pointed to the need for a clear definition of terrorism and echoed the need to distinguish it from the exercise of the right to. There is no universal agreement on the definition of terrorism. May 12, 2016 the main difference between turkeys anti terrorism laws and definitions of terrorism by international organizations and the european union is that the former identifies the state, as opposed to private citizens, as the primary victim of terror, which inevitably narrows the definition of terrorism. Its sole objective is to overthrow the existing law and order machinery. Counterterrorism definition, terrorism in reaction to or retaliation for some previous act of terrorism. The definition of terrorism will affect communication and response to this issue and so have consequences for society and politics. In many states, the term terrorist has been conflated with criminal. International terrorism violent, criminal acts committed by individuals andor groups who are inspired by, or associated with, designated. Some cyberterrorists spread computer viruses, and others threaten people electronically. The intelligence community is guided by the definition of terrorism contained in title 22 of the us code, section 2656fd. The atac, formerly known as the antiterrorism task force attf, was created at the direction of the attorney general less than a week after the tragic events of september 11, 2001.
On the basis of this agreement on the definition and incrimination of the. Examining the nexus between organised crime and terrorism and its implications for eu programming 1 abstract the evolving relationship between terrorism and crime poses significant challenges to the international community, and is contingent on definitions of terrorism, petty crime and organised crime, which are often contested. Apr 19, 20 the intelligence community is guided by the definition of terrorism contained in title 22 of the us code, section 2656fd. The difficulty in defining terrorism is in agreeing on a basis for determining when the use of violence. Examining the nexus between organised crime and terrorism. Bruce hoffman says the struggle for israels independence forms a. Counterterrorism definition of counterterrorism at.
According to some legal experts, the definition of terrorism as practice and ideology lends itself to broad interpretations. It is for this reason that a comparison is necessary to clarify the scope of the operation of the terrorism risk insurance programmes. The agent of terrorism and the carrier of extreme violence extreme and shocking force does not always have to be one who is weak, rather it is usually or simultaneously one who is strong the state. Definition, history, and types of terrorism online degree programs. Terrorism threat awareness acts of terrorism can come from domestic sources, sometimes referred to as homegrown terrorism. Terrorism is defined by the oxford english dictionary as the unofficial or unauthorized use of violence and intimidation in the pursuit of political aims. The crime of making a terrorist threat is a very general law, and can be used to prosecute terrorists. All of its power comes from leveraging the imperfections of the human mind and the tendency for people to make dumb decisions when theyre consumed by fear. Multiple incidents of terrorism which occur within a 72 hour period and appear to be carried out in concert or to have a related purpose or common leadership shall be considered to be one incident. Cyber terrorism is a component of information warfare, but information warfare is not. Section 4 terrorist intelligence operations operations. A cyberterrorist is a criminal who uses computer technology and the internet, especially to cause fear and disruption.
Ali khan terrorism sprouts from the existence of aggrieved groups. A terroristic threat is a crime generally involving a threat to commit violence communicated with the intent to terrorize another, to cause evacuation of a building, or to cause serious public. Counterterrorism definition and meaning collins english. Examining the nexus between organised crime and terrorism and. Bioterrorism definition, terrorist acts involving the use of harmful agents and products of biological origin, as diseaseproducing microorganisms or toxins. Malik, supra note 2, at 5762 proposing two definitions of terrorism in a book entitled enough of the definition of terrorism. Terrorism between syndrome and tool theory and empirical evidence alike raise doubts whether any personality trait, need, or situational circumstance would con stitute such a condition, inevitably giving rise to terrorism. In its broadest practical sense, terrorism is the use of violence to further a political or social cause. Politically motivated violence, directed against soft targets civiliangovernment targets wintention to terrorize a target audience. A act of terrorism means an act that is committed within or outside the territorial jurisdiction of this state or the united states, that constitutes a specified offense if committed in this state or constitutes an offense in any jurisdiction within or outside the territorial jurisdiction of the. Nov 01, 2011 cyber terrorism is a component of information warfare, but information warfare is not. Before examining the meaning and associated concepts and principles of international criminal justice and international criminal law as they. Cyberterrorism is the use of the internet to conduct violent acts that result in, or threaten, loss of life or significant bodily harm, in order to achieve political or ideological gains through threat or intimidation.
After studying prestate jewish terrorists, author asks. I am not the first person to question the definition and use of this word, but, like most americans, i. Terrorism is a form of psychological warfare in the most literal sense. Bio terrorism definition, terrorist acts involving the use of harmful agents and products of biological origin, as diseaseproducing microorganisms or toxins. Frederic hacker refers to three types of terrorists which are. May, 2015 provisions that allow a person to be prosecuted under the terrorism law for any ordinary criminal offense, including an attempted misdemeanor by definition a minor offense. Federal bureau of investigation as a premeditated attack against a computer system, computer data, programs and other information with the sole aim of violence against clandestine agents and subnational groups. Counterterrorism also spelled counterterrorism, also known as antiterrorism, incorporates the practice, military tactics, techniques, and strategy that government, military, law enforcement, business, and intelligence agencies use to combat or prevent terrorism. Counter terrorism also spelled counterterrorism, also known as antiterrorism, incorporates the practice, military tactics, techniques, and strategy that government, military, law enforcement, business, and intelligence agencies use to combat or prevent terrorism. For this reason, it is necessary to define these topics as separate entities. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. The term terrorism means premeditated, politically motivated violence perpetrated against noncombatant targets by subnational groups or clandestine agents. The numerous federal legal definitions of terrorism.
Many terrorist events have used explosives of various types and sizes, using cars or buildings, trains and aircraft, as on 911. This subtitle subtitle g 66016604 of title vi of pub. International cooperation in the face of cyberterrorism. In a constantly changing world of images, we have to keep our heads straight to know what terrorism is and what it is not. Cyberterrorism definition is terrorist activities intended to damage or disrupt vital computer systems.
Defining terrorism has been an ongoing debate, there are more than a 100 definition. Terrorism is thus a forceful and unlawful method to achieve the desired goal. These aggrieved groups share two essential characteristics. Apr 20, 2015 anti terrorism information the united states attorneys office leads a multiagency anti terrorism advisory council atac.
Terrorism has come to signify race and religion though everyone is careful not to say so. In testimony before the house judiciary committee in april 1995, admiral william 0. Antiterrorism information the united states attorneys office leads a multiagency antiterrorism advisory council atac. At the risk of defying ritual, the present article does not propose a definition of terrorism. In hackers frame of thinking criminals are influenced mainly by monetary payoff or vengeance. The main difference between turkeys antiterrorism laws and definitions of terrorism by international organizations and the european union is that the former identifies the state, as opposed to private citizens, as the primary victim of terror, which inevitably narrows the definition of terrorism. Terrorism meaning in the cambridge english dictionary. Counterterrorism consists of activities that are intended to prevent terrorist acts or to. Terroristic threat law and legal definition uslegal, inc. The iso definition of a single terrorism incident is expressed as follows. Terrorism is a difficult word to define, in part because deeming an act terrorism depends subjectively on whether a person sides with the attackers or their victims. But if the idea of terrorism were cognitively accessible and norma.
The terrorist of yesterday is the hero of today, and the hero of yesterday becomes the terrorist of today. Provisions that allow a person to be prosecuted under the terrorism law for any ordinary criminal offense, including an attempted misdemeanor by definition a minor offense. Cyberterrorism definition of cyberterrorism by merriamwebster. Must terrorism be physically violent, or is it enough to simply instill fear.
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